Association between Serum Lipid Profile and Renal Dysfunction in Patients with Heart Failure

Renal dysfunction often accompanies heart failure which leads to an increase in hospitalization and mortality. The pathophysiological features have demonstrated that heart failure may cause reduction in cardiac output and decrease in renal perfusion, which leads to development of chronic renal disease. Thus, more attention should be paid to the associated risk factors with the aim to reduce the prevalence, hospitalization and mortality. According to recent studies, dyslipidemia has become one of the key risk factors which leads to progression of renal dysfunction in heart failure patients.

105 hospitalized heart failure patients with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤ 45%, and New York Heart Association (NYHA) class II -IV were enrolled for a study period of 6 months, that is from March 2021 to August 2021.The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <90 mL/min/1.73m2 was defined as renal dysfunction. Heart failure was confirmed clinically and with the echocardiography report. Significant cognitive impairment and life threatening comorbidity were the main exclusion criteria.

Among the 105 patients with heart failure, a total of 59 (56.2%) had renal dysfunction, and 46 (43.8%) did not have renal dysfunction. The high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were found to be positively correlated with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (p<0.05), that is, were significantly lower in those patients with renal dysfunction than those patients without renal dysfunction. The total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) showed no significant difference between the patients with renal dysfunction and those without renal dysfunction.

Among the lipid profile of TC, triglyceride, LDL-C, HDL-C, the HDL-C is the only lipid factor significantly associated with renal dysfunction in hospitalized heart failure patients.