Novel Insight Into Long-Term Risk of Major Adverse Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Events Following Lower...

Area of Science:

• Cardiovascular Medicine
• Vascular Surgery
• Epidemiology

Background:

• Lower extremity arteriosclerosis obliterans (LEASO) is linked to adverse cardiovascular outcomes.
• Limited research exists on sex-specific risks of major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs) in LEASO patients.
• This study investigates LEASO's characteristics and MACCEs risk in males and females.

Purpose of the Study:

• To determine the sex-specific characteristics of LEASO.
• To evaluate the contribution of LEASO to MACCEs in both male and female patients.
• To assess LEASO as an independent predictor of MACCEs across sexes.

Main Methods:

• A single-center retrospective study enrolled LEASO patients and matched controls (1:1 ratio).
• Patient matching considered age, sex, diabetes, hypertension, smoking, and medications.
• The primary endpoint was the occurrence of MACCEs during follow-up.

Main Results:

• LEASO was an independent predictor of MACCEs in all patients (HR: 2.448).
• LEASO also independently predicted MACCEs in males (HR: 2.919) and females (HR: 1.788).
• No significant difference in event-free survival was observed between sexes.

Conclusions:

• LEASO is a valuable risk stratification indicator for MACCEs in both sexes.
• Comprehensive cardiovascular evaluation and intervention are recommended for LEASO patients, irrespective of traditional risk factors.
• LEASO highlights the need for proactive cardiovascular management in affected individuals.