Investigations on the Synthesis, Reactivity, and Properties of Perfluoro-α-Benzo-Fused BOPHY Fluorophores
Guanyu Zhang1, Maodie Wang1, Petia Bobadova-Parvanova2
1Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA.
Abstract:
The synthesis and reactivity of 3,8-dibromo-dodecafluoro-benzo-fused BOPHY 2 are reported, via SN Ar with O-, N- S- and C-nucleophiles, and in Pd(0)-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions (Suzuki and Stille). The resulting perfluoro-BOPHY derivatives were investigated for their reactivity in the presence of various nucleophiles. BOPHY 3 displays reversible color change and fluorescence quenching in the presence of bases (Et3 N, DBU), whereas BOPHY 7 reacts preferentially at the α-pyrrolic positions, and BOPHY 8 undergoes regioselective fluorine substitution in the presence of thiols. The structural and electronic features of the fluorinated BOPHYs were studied by TD-DFT computations. In addition, their spectroscopic and cellular properties were investigated; BOPHY 10 shows the most red-shifted absorption/emission (λmax 659/699 nm) and 7 the highest fluorescence (Φf =0.95), while all compounds studied showed low cytotoxicity toward human HEp2 cells and were efficiently internalized.
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