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Updated: Sep 26, 2025

Virtual Prism Adaptation Therapy: Protocol for Validation in Healthy Adults
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Aftereffects to Prism Exposure without Adaptation: A Single Case Study.

Federica Albini1, Alberto Pisoni1, Anna Salvatore1

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy.

Brain Sciences
|April 21, 2022
PubMed
Summary

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This study found that brain-damaged patients may exhibit prism aftereffects (AEs) without prism adaptation (PA). This suggests sensorimotor activity, not just error reduction, is key for AEs.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Rehabilitation Science

Background:

  • Visuomotor adaptation to optical prisms (PA) investigates visuomotor plasticity and aids in unilateral spatial neglect rehabilitation.
  • Brain regions involved in PA and its aftereffects (AEs) include the parieto-occipital cortices.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate prism adaptation (PA) and aftereffects (AEs) in a patient with apperceptive agnosia and a right visual field defect.
  • To explore the relationship between PA and AEs in a patient with bilateral parieto-occipital atrophy.

Main Methods:

  • A brain-damaged patient (TMA) underwent prism adaptation using base-right prisms and neutral lenses.
  • PA was assessed via pointing movements to visual, auditory, and bimodal stimuli.
  • AEs were measured using proprioceptive, visual, and auditory-visual pointing tasks.
Keywords:
hemianopsiamultisensory integrationprism adaptationsingle case study

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  • Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) analyzed brain connectivity.

    • Main Results:

    • The patient (TMA) did not exhibit prism adaptation (PA) but showed preserved prism aftereffects (AEs).
    • A dissociation was observed between classical measures of PA (error reduction) and AEs.
    • Sensorimotor pointing activity, rather than error feedback, appeared more critical for AEs.

    Conclusions:

    • Prism aftereffects (AEs) can occur independently of prism adaptation (PA) in certain brain-damaged individuals.
    • These findings challenge traditional views on the necessity of error reduction for AEs.
    • Sensorimotor engagement is highlighted as a potentially crucial factor in the development of AEs.