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Related Concept Videos

Adhesion01:14

Adhesion

41.8K
Adhesion occurs when one type of molecule is attracted to a different molecule. Water exhibits adhesive properties in the presence of polar surfaces, such as glass or cellulose in plants. For instance, when water is poured into a glass, the positively charged hydrogen molecules of water are more attracted to the negatively charged oxygen molecules in the silica than to the oxygen in neighboring water molecules.
Capillary action is a result of water’s adhesive tendencies. When a narrow...
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Cell Adhesion in Plants01:14

Cell Adhesion in Plants

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Plants have rigid cell walls that are made up of cell wall polysaccharides that mediate cell-cell adhesion. The primary cell walls of plants consist of two independent and interacting polysaccharide networks: a pectin matrix that embeds the second network comprising cellulose and hemicelluloses.
Pectins are complex heteropolymers mainly composed of negatively-charged α-D-glucopyranosyl uronic acid and some neutral glycosyl residues such as α-L-rhamnopyranose, α-L-arabinofuranose,...
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Water and Mineral Acquisition02:34

Water and Mineral Acquisition

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Specialized tissues in plant roots have evolved to capture water, minerals, and some ions from the soil. Roots exhibit a variety of branching patterns that facilitate this process. The outermost root cells have specialized structures called root hairs that increase the root surface, thus increasing soil contact. Water can passively cross into roots, as the concentration of water in the soil is higher than that of the root tissue. Minerals, in contrast, are actively transported into root cells.
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Role of Microtubules in Cell Wall Deposition01:02

Role of Microtubules in Cell Wall Deposition

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Microtubules are small hollow tubes in eukaryotic cells. The cell wall microtubules are polymerized dimers of two globular proteins, α-tubulin and β-tubulin, two globular proteins. With a diameter of about 25 nm, microtubules are the widest components of the cytoskeleton. They help the cell resist compression and provide a track along which vesicles move through the cell or pull replicated chromosomes to opposite ends of a dividing cell. Microtubules go through quick cycles of...
2.6K
Xylem and Transpiration-driven Transport of Resources02:03

Xylem and Transpiration-driven Transport of Resources

24.7K
The xylem of vascular plants distributes water and dissolved minerals that are taken up by the roots to the rest of the plant. The cells that transport xylem sap are dead upon maturity, and the movement of xylem sap is a passive process.
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Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions01:17

Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions

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Integrins act both as extracellular input receivers and as intracellular processing activators. As their name suggests, integrins are entirely integrated into the membrane structure. Their hydrophobic membrane-spanning regions interact with the phospholipid bilayer's hydrophobic region. These membrane receptors provide extracellular attachment sites for effectors like hormones and growth factors. They activate intracellular response cascades when their effectors are bound and active.
Some...
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Adherence of Bacteria to Plant Surfaces Measured in the Laboratory
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Adhesion as a Focus in Trichoderma-Root Interactions.

James T Taylor1, Rebekka Harting2, Samer Shalaby3

  • 1Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.

Journal of Fungi (Basel, Switzerland)
|April 21, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Fungal adhesion to plant roots is crucial for colonization. Researchers are investigating Trichoderma virens

Keywords:
Trichodermaadhesinadhesionfungalmutualismrhizosphereroottranscriptional

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Area of Science:

  • Mycology and Plant Pathology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Fungal adhesion to substrates, including host tissues, is mediated by cell surface proteins called adhesins.
  • Attachment is a critical initial step for fungal invasion and colonization of host surfaces, particularly plant roots.
  • Understanding the molecular mechanisms of fungal adhesion is essential for controlling plant-pathogenic fungi and promoting beneficial interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the molecular mechanisms and function of fungal adhesion in Trichoderma species, particularly Trichoderma virens.
  • To leverage existing knowledge from other fungi, including yeast and filamentous pathogens/symbionts, to understand Trichoderma adhesion.
  • To identify potential adhesin candidates and related genes in Trichoderma virens for beneficial root colonization.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative genomics and sequence homology analysis between Trichoderma virens and other fungi (e.g., Verticillium dahliae, Metarhizium species, yeast).
  • Identification of homologs for known adhesion-related genes, such as the yeast Flo8 transcription factor and Som1.
  • Investigation of potential adhesin candidates encoded by Trichoderma virens.

Main Results:

  • Sequence and potential functional homology identified between Trichoderma virens and other rhizosphere-competent Sordariomycetes.
  • Trichoderma virens encodes homologs of Som1 and potential adhesin candidates, similar to genes studied in other fungi.
  • Established knowledge from related fungi provides a framework for studying Trichoderma adhesion mechanisms.

Conclusions:

  • Investigating homologs of known adhesion-related genes (e.g., Som1) and identifying adhesin candidates in Trichoderma virens are promising avenues.
  • This research provides leads for understanding the initial steps of beneficial root colonization by Trichoderma.
  • Understanding fungal adhesion is key to developing strategies for biocontrol and enhancing plant-microbe interactions in the rhizosphere.