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Evaluation of Left Ventricular Structure and Function using 3D Echocardiography
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Glycemic status, non-traditional risk and left ventricular structure and function in the Jackson Heart Study

Chizobam Ani1,2,3, David Shavlik4, Synnove Knutsen4

  • 1Loma Linda University (LLU), Loma Linda, USA. cani@llu.edu.

BMC Cardiovascular Disorders
|April 22, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Diabetes and prediabetes are linked to early left ventricular changes in African Americans, even without traditional heart disease risk factors. These findings highlight the importance of glycemic control for cardiovascular health.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Endocrinology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Left ventricular abnormalities may precede cardiomyopathy in African Americans with diabetes (DM).
  • This study investigates the link between prediabetes (PDM), DM, and HbA1c with cardiac structure and function in the Jackson Heart Study (JHS) cohort.
  • Participants were free of coronary artery disease (CAD), arrhythmia, valvular heart disease, and end-stage renal disease (ESRD).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the association of PDM, DM, and HbA1c levels with left ventricular structure and function.
  • To identify early cardiac changes related to glycemic status in a high-risk population.
  • To understand the impact of diabetes on cardiac parameters independent of traditional risk factors.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cross-sectional analysis of 2234 JHS participants.
  • Evaluated associations between PDM, DM, HbA1c, and various left ventricular parameters (e.g., ejection fraction, mass index, wall thickness).
  • Statistical analyses included linear regression, with sensitivity analyses for hypertension.

Main Results:

  • DM was associated with altered stroke volume index, diastolic volume index, myocardial contraction fraction, cardiac index, relative wall thickness, and left ventricular mass index.
  • Prediabetes showed associations with lower stroke volume index, diastolic volume index, and systolic volume index.
  • Higher HbA1c levels correlated with reduced stroke volume index, diastolic volume index, myocardial contraction fraction, and increased cardiac index and relative wall thickness.

Conclusions:

  • Glycemic status significantly impacts left ventricular structure and function in African Americans without traditional cardiovascular disease risk factors.
  • These findings suggest that diabetes and prediabetes are associated with early cardiac remodeling.
  • Further longitudinal studies are recommended to confirm these associations and explore underlying mechanisms.
Abstract

Keywords:
African AmericanDiabetesDiabetic cardiomyopathyLeft ventricular structure

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