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Magnesium deficiency in alcoholism.

E B Flink

    Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research
    |December 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Chronic alcoholism leads to significant magnesium deficiency, evidenced by low magnesium levels, muscle deficits, and hypocalcemia. Alcohol withdrawal causes further instability, highlighting the urgent need for magnesium and B vitamin supplementation.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biochemistry
    • Clinical Nutrition
    • Internal Medicine

    Background:

    • Chronic alcoholism is frequently associated with significant magnesium deficiency.
    • This deficiency manifests through various clinical symptoms and biochemical alterations.
    • Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for effective patient management.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To comprehensively review the evidence for magnesium deficiency in chronic alcoholism.
    • To elucidate the physiological changes occurring during alcohol withdrawal.
    • To emphasize the immediate nutritional support required for alcoholic patients.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of existing literature and clinical data on magnesium levels in alcoholic patients.
    • Analysis of metabolic changes during alcohol ingestion and withdrawal.

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  • Correlation of magnesium status with clinical symptoms and other electrolyte imbalances.

    • Main Results:

    • Alcohol ingestion significantly increases magnesium excretion.
    • Alcohol withdrawal leads to a positive magnesium balance and decreased exchangeable magnesium.
    • Alcoholic patients exhibit substantial muscle magnesium deficits and hypocalcemia responsive to magnesium therapy.
    • Withdrawal triggers sharp increases in free fatty acids and respiratory alkalosis, exacerbating magnesium instability.

    Conclusions:

    • Magnesium deficiency is a critical complication of chronic alcoholism.
    • Alcohol withdrawal induces acute physiological disturbances that necessitate immediate intervention.
    • Urgent administration of magnesium, thiamine, and other B vitamins is essential, alongside correction of potassium and phosphorus levels.