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Rapidly Progressive Probable Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease

Moustafa M Elziny1, Shaimaa S Elsaid2

  • 1Department of Academic Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, USA.

Cureus
|April 22, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), a rare prion infection, presents with rapid neurological decline. This case highlights diagnostic markers and factors influencing its swift progression in an elderly patient.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is a rare, fatal neurodegenerative disorder caused by prions.
  • Rapidly progressive neurological symptoms necessitate high diagnostic suspicion for CJD.

Observation:

  • A 79-year-old patient presented with rapidly progressive neurological decline.
  • Diagnostic findings included positive 14-3-3 proteins in cerebrospinal fluid, characteristic electroencephalography (EEG) periodic discharges, and MRI showing diffusion restriction and FLAIR hyperintensities.

Findings:

  • The clinical presentation and diagnostic results were consistent with probable sporadic CJD.
  • The patient's condition progressed rapidly, leading to death within two months of symptom onset.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the importance of recognizing CJD diagnostic criteria.
  • Further discussion on risk factors potentially accelerating sporadic CJD progression is warranted.
Keywords:
creutzfeldt-jakob diseasedementiahuman prion diseaserapidly progressivesporadic

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