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Drug Delivery: Overview01:16

Drug Delivery: Overview

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The selection of a drug's delivery route depends upon its physicochemical properties, including lipid or water solubility and ionization, as well as the therapeutic requirement, such as immediate or sustained effect. These routes can be divided into three primary categories: enteral, parenteral, and topical.
Enteral delivery involves administering drugs directly through swallowing, sublingual placement, or buccal application. Orally administered drugs predominantly navigate the...
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Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes01:22

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Drug delivery methods like oral inhalation, nasal sprays, transdermal patches, eye drops, intravitreal injection,  and rectal administration provide localized effects with reduced toxicity.
Oral inhalation and nasal sprays swiftly transfer drugs across the respiratory epithelium's mucosal layer. Inhaled glucocorticoids and bronchodilators directly target lung conditions such as asthma, while fluticasone nasal spray mitigates allergic rhinitis.
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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
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Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
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Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route01:29

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The parenteral route is a critical method of drug administration. It delivers compounds directly into the systemic circulation and bypasses the gastrointestinal tract. This approach is particularly advantageous for drugs that exhibit poor absorption or instability when administered orally.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 26, 2025

Systemic and Local Drug Delivery for Treating Diseases of the Central Nervous System in Rodent Models
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Recent Advances in Senotherapeutics Delivery.

Ji Young Choi1,2, Samantha F Yee1, Tzvetelina Tchangalova1

  • 1Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials Laboratory, Fischell Department of Bioengineering, A. James Clark School of Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA.

Tissue Engineering. Part B, Reviews
|April 22, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Senotherapy clears senescent cells (SnCs) to combat age-related diseases. This review explores senolytic delivery strategies and tissue-engineered models for effective senotherapeutic development.

Keywords:
cellular senescencedrug deliverysenolyticsenomorphicsenotherapeuticstissue-engineered models

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Last Updated: Sep 26, 2025

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology and Cellular Biology
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Accumulated senescent cells (SnCs) contribute to age-related diseases.
  • Senolytics target SnCs, but tissue-specific delivery remains a challenge.
  • Senotherapy offers a promising therapeutic avenue for various human diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current senotherapeutic options and biological insights.
  • To explore tissue-engineered models for senolytic testing.
  • To discuss effective tissue-specific delivery strategies for senotherapeutics.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of senolytic compounds and delivery strategies.
  • Analysis of current senotherapeutic research and biological insights.
  • Exploration of in vitro tissue-engineered models for senolytic potency testing.

Main Results:

  • Senolytics show promise in reducing SnCs globally.
  • Effective tissue-specific delivery of senotherapeutics requires further investigation.
  • In vitro tissue-engineered models offer a platform for testing senolytic efficacy.

Conclusions:

  • Senotherapy is a key strategy for treating age-related diseases.
  • Developing targeted senolytic delivery systems is crucial for clinical translation.
  • Tissue-engineered models can accelerate the validation of novel senotherapeutics.