Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 26, 2025

A 3D Organotypic Melanoma Spheroid Skin Model
08:49

A 3D Organotypic Melanoma Spheroid Skin Model

Published on: May 18, 2018

16.0K

The Current State of Treatment and Future Directions in Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma

Madison Ernst1, Alessio Giubellino1

  • 1Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.

Biomedicines
|April 23, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Melanoma treatment has advanced with immunotherapies and targeted therapies, reducing mortality. However, challenges like toxicity and resistance persist, requiring ongoing research for better melanoma care.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunology
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Malignant melanoma is a significant cause of cancer death.
  • Melanoma incidence is rising, but mortality rates are decreasing.
  • Novel therapies have improved melanoma treatment outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review past and novel therapeutic interventions for malignant melanoma.
  • To discuss current clinical trials in melanoma treatment.
  • To explore future directions in melanoma therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of melanoma treatments.
  • Analysis of recent cancer statistics.
  • Summary of immunotherapies and targeted therapies.
  • Discussion of treatment-related challenges.

Main Results:

  • Immunotherapies and targeted therapies are cornerstones of modern melanoma treatment.
  • Combination therapies enhance efficacy and durability.
  • Decreased melanoma mortality rates observed.
  • Toxicity and resistance remain significant challenges.

Conclusions:

  • Advances in immunotherapy and targeted therapy have improved melanoma outcomes.
  • Addressing toxicity and resistance is crucial for future progress.
  • Ongoing research and clinical trials are vital for advancing melanoma care.
Keywords:
combined therapiesimmunotherapymetastatic melanomatargeted therapytumor relapsetumor resistance

More Related Videos

Spatial and Temporal Control of Murine Melanoma Initiation from Mutant Melanocyte Stem Cells06:09

Spatial and Temporal Control of Murine Melanoma Initiation from Mutant Melanocyte Stem Cells

Published on: June 7, 2019

9.0K
Patient Derived Cell Culture and Isolation of CD133+ Putative Cancer Stem Cells from Melanoma12:16

Patient Derived Cell Culture and Isolation of CD133+ Putative Cancer Stem Cells from Melanoma

Published on: March 13, 2013

21.4K

Related Concept Videos

Skin Cancer01:30

Skin Cancer

Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
4.7K
Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
7.9K
Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
689
Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives01:14

Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives

The first thing a clinician sees is the skin, so the examination of the skin should be part of any thorough physical examination. Most skin disorders are relatively benign, but a few, including melanomas, can be fatal if untreated. A couple of the more noticeable disorders, albinism and vitiligo, affect the appearance of the skin and its accessory organs.
Albinism
Albinism is a genetic disorder that affects (completely or partially) the coloring of skin, hair, and eyes. The defect is primarily...
2.5K
Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
5.1K
Treatment Resistant Cancers02:56

Treatment Resistant Cancers

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
3.4K