Imaging of the Temporomandibular Joint

Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is a common musculoskeletal condition that causes pain and disability for patients and imposes a high financial burden on the healthcare system. The most common cause of TMD is internal derangement, mainly secondary to articular disc displacement. Multiple other pathologies such as inflammatory arthritis, infection, and neoplasm can mimic internal derangement. MRI is the modality of choice for evaluation of the TMJ. Radiologists need to be familiar with the normal anatomy and function of the TMJ and MR imaging of the internal derangement and other less common pathologies of the TMJ.