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Updated: Sep 26, 2025
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Creation of a Rodent Model of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm by Blocking Adventitial Vasa Vasorum Perfusion
Published on: November 8, 2017
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Endothelial Dysfunction in the Pathogenesis of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm.
Elise DeRoo1, Amelia Stranz1, Huan Yang1
1Department of Surgery, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53726, USA.
Biomolecules
|April 23, 2022
Summary
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) involves aortic dilation, with endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction being an early factor. Understanding EC heterogeneity and biomechanical stress is key to developing targeted AAA therapeutics.
Area of Science:
- Vascular Biology
- Cardiovascular Disease Research
- Endothelial Cell Biology
Background:
- Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a dangerous vascular disease with unclear molecular mechanisms.
- Endothelial cells (ECs) are vital for vascular health, regulating tone and inflammation.
- Endothelial dysfunction is an early sign in AAA, promoting oxidative stress and inflammation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current understanding of endothelial cell roles in AAA pathogenesis.
- To explore the impact of biomechanical stress and eNOS uncoupling on ECs in AAA.
- To highlight EC heterogeneity in AAA and its therapeutic implications.
Main Methods:
- Review of recent clinical and experimental findings on AAA.
- Analysis of single-cell RNA sequencing data revealing EC sub-populations.
- Synthesis of evidence on endothelial dysfunction, biomechanical stress, and eNOS uncoupling in AAA.
Main Results:
- Endothelial dysfunction is an early pathological event in AAA development.
- Biomechanical stress and eNOS uncoupling significantly impact ECs in AAA.
- AAA tissue exhibits heterogeneous endothelial cell sub-populations with distinct transcriptional profiles.
Conclusions:
- Endothelial dysfunction and heterogeneity are critical in AAA pathogenesis.
- Further research into ECs offers potential for novel AAA treatments.
- Targeting endothelial cells may lead to effective AAA prevention and therapy.
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