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Do Hens Use Enrichments Provided in Free-Range Systems?

Victoria Sandilands1, Laurence Baker1, Jo Donbavand1

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Summary

Different enrichments were tested for free-range hens. Pecking blocks, hay bales, and pelleted feed attracted more birds than jute ropes, but none improved feather condition.

Keywords:
behaviourcostfeather scoreshayinjurious peckingpecking blocksropesscattered feedwelfare

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Area of Science:

  • Animal Behaviour and Welfare
  • Poultry Science
  • Agricultural Science

Background:

  • Free-range systems aim to improve hen welfare through environmental enrichments.
  • Investigating the efficacy of different enrichment types is crucial for optimizing hen behavior and health.
  • Injurious pecking and foraging behaviors are key welfare indicators in commercial flocks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the behavioral responses of hens to various enrichment types in commercial free-range systems.
  • To assess the impact of different enrichments on foraging and feather condition.
  • To determine the cost-effectiveness and hen utilization of different enrichment materials.

Main Methods:

  • Eight commercial free-range flocks were studied, each with four enrichment types: jute ropes (control), lucerne hay bales, pecking blocks, and pelleted feed.
  • Hen behavior was observed at three ages and three times relative to feed application.
  • Feather scores were recorded, and bird locations and interactions with enrichments were documented.

Main Results:

  • Significantly more hens utilized areas with pecking blocks, hay bales, and pelleted feed compared to jute ropes or control areas.
  • Hens interacted more with pecking blocks, hay bales, and pelleted feed than jute ropes.
  • Enrichments did not consistently improve feather scores, which declined with age, and jute ropes showed no benefit.

Conclusions:

  • While pecking blocks, hay bales, and pelleted feed increased hen engagement, they did not demonstrably improve feather cover.
  • Jute ropes were poorly utilized and provided no apparent welfare benefits.
  • Balancing enrichment costs with proven benefits is essential, suggesting jute ropes are not an effective enrichment.