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Microvascular and Morphologic Changes of the Macula over Lifetime.

Mael Lever^1,2, Ying Chen^1,2, Moritz Glaser²

¹Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany.

Life (Basel, Switzerland)

|April 23, 2022

Summary

Macular thickness and vascular density decrease with age, impacting the inner retinal layers. These age-related changes in spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and OCT-angiography (OCTA) data are crucial for understanding retinal aging.

Keywords:

aging blood flow capillary density macula macular segmentation optical coherence tomography-angiography vascular disease

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Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Medical Imaging
Gerontology

Background:

Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and OCT-angiography (OCTA) provide morphological and microvascular data of the macula.
Age is known to influence measurements from both SD-OCT and OCTA.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate age-related changes in macular morphology and microvasculature using SD-OCT and OCTA.
To characterize the association between age and macular segmentation and vascular density parameters.

Main Methods:

Retrospective analysis of macular SD-OCT and OCTA data from 157 healthy individuals aged 10-79 years.
Comparison of age groups using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).
Evaluation of associations using linear regression analysis.

Main Results:

A significant decrease in macular thickness, including the ganglion cell and inner plexiform layers, was observed with increasing age.
Vascular density (VD) in both the superficial (SCP) and deep (DCP) capillary plexuses decreased with age.
The foveal avascular zone area remained constant across age groups.

Conclusions:

Age-related morphological and microvascular changes occur in the macula.
These findings enhance the understanding of macular aging and improve the interpretation of OCT(A) in healthy and diseased eyes.