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Evolution and Trade-Off Dynamics of Functional Load.

Erich Round1,2,3, Rikker Dockum4, Robin J Ryder5

  • 1Surrey Morphology Group, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Functional load (FL) in Pama-Nyungan languages shows strong genealogical patterns. A trade-off dynamic between vowel length and consonant contrasts indicates historical sound change and linguistic drift.

Keywords:
Pama–NyunganSapir’s driftfunctional loadhomophony avoidanceparallel evolutionphonologyphylogenetic correlationphylogenetic signalsound changetransphonologization

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Area of Science:

  • Historical Linguistics
  • Phonology
  • Computational Linguistics

Background:

  • Functional load (FL) measures phonological contrast importance.
  • Low FL values have been linked to sound change.
  • The diachronic evolution of high FL values is less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the diachronic evolution of functional load (FL) in the Pama-Nyungan language family.
  • To explore the relationship between FL and genealogical linguistic history.
  • To identify patterns of sound change and linguistic drift related to FL.

Main Methods:

  • Phylogenetic methods applied to 90 Pama-Nyungan languages.
  • Analysis of functional load (FL) across different phonological subsystems.
  • Correlation analysis between FL of vowel length and following consonant.

Main Results:

  • High phylogenetic signal detected in FL, correlating with genealogical structure.
  • Significant negative correlation between FL of vowel length and consonant FL.
  • Evidence of a historical trade-off dynamic, termed 'flow of contrastiveness'.

Conclusions:

  • FL values covary with linguistic genealogy, indicating historical stability.
  • The observed trade-off dynamic suggests compensatory sound changes and allophony.
  • Findings strongly support Sapir's drift hypothesis in historical linguistics.