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Hypersensitivities01:30

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Infection-Triggered Hyperinflammatory Syndromes in Children.

Martina Rossano1, Greta Rogani1, Maria Maddalena D'Errico2

  • 1Pediatric Rheumatology, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano IT and University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy.

Children (Basel, Switzerland)
|April 23, 2022
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Summary

Infections may trigger macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) in children with rheumatic diseases. This study found evidence of infection preceding MAS in most pediatric cases, highlighting infection

Keywords:
infectionsmacrophage activation syndromerheumatic diseasestrigger

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Rheumatology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) is a severe complication of rheumatic diseases.
  • The role of infection in triggering MAS remains unclear.
  • Understanding infection's role is crucial for managing MAS in pediatric rheumatic conditions.

Observation:

  • A retrospective analysis reviewed 125 children with rheumatic diseases from 2011-2020.
  • Twelve children developed 14 episodes of MAS.
  • Infection was documented within 30 days prior to MAS onset in 12 of these episodes.

Findings:

  • Clinical or laboratory evidence of infection preceded MAS in most analyzed cases.
  • The study describes clinical features, treatments, and outcomes of MAS in this cohort.
  • Infection appears to be a significant trigger for MAS in children with rheumatic diseases.

Implications:

  • Infection should be considered a potential trigger for MAS in pediatric rheumatic patients.
  • Further research into the interplay between infection and inflammation in MAS pathogenesis is warranted.
  • Identifying infectious triggers can inform preventative and therapeutic strategies for MAS.