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Comparisons of Clinical Features and Outcomes of COVID-19 between Patients with Pediatric Onset Inflammatory

Fatih Haslak1, Sevki Erdem Varol1, Aybuke Gunalp1

  • 1Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul 34303, Turkey.

Journal of Clinical Medicine
|April 23, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Children with inflammatory rheumatic diseases (IRD) face higher risks of symptomatic COVID-19 and hospitalization compared to healthy children. Pediatric rheumatologists must closely monitor these patients for potentially worse outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Rheumatology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Clinical Outcomes

Background:

  • Investigating coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) clinical features and outcomes in pediatric patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases (IRD).
  • Comparing COVID-19 severity risks in IRD children versus healthy children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe clinical features and outcomes of COVID-19 in children and late adolescents with IRD.
  • To assess the risk of severe COVID-19 in IRD patients compared to healthy controls.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study including 658 polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 positive subjects (152 IRD patients, 506 healthy children).
  • Inclusion criteria required at least a six-month follow-up duration for IRD patients.

Main Results:

  • Of 658 subjects, 86.6% experienced COVID-19 symptoms; only 3.19% required hospitalization.
  • Inflammatory rheumatic diseases (IRD) significantly increased the risk of hospitalization (OR: 5.205) and symptomatic infection (OR: 2.579).
  • Increasing age was associated with symptomatic infection (OR: 1.051); no deaths or significant sequelae were reported.

Conclusions:

  • Children with IRD have a substantially higher risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes, including hospitalization.
  • Pediatric rheumatologists should maintain close surveillance of IRD patients for COVID-19 management.
  • Early identification and monitoring are crucial for mitigating adverse COVID-19 effects in pediatric rheumatology patients.

Keywords:
COVID-19SARS-CoV-2familial Mediterranean feverpediatricsrheumatology

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