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Patients' Perspectives on Artificial Intelligence in Dentistry: A Controlled Study.

Esra Kosan1, Joachim Krois1, Katja Wingenfeld2

  • 1Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Oral Diagnostics and Digital Health and Health Services Research, Aßmannshauser Str. 4-6, 14197 Berlin, Germany.

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Patients have a positive view of artificial intelligence (AI) in dentistry, finding it useful for detecting cavities on dental radiographs. AI tools improved lesion recognition without negatively impacting patient trust in dentists.

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Area of Science:

  • Dentistry
  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly vital in modern dentistry.
  • Patient perspectives on AI for radiographic caries detection require assessment.
  • The impact of AI-driven diagnoses on patient trust is a key consideration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate patient attitudes towards AI in dental radiographic caries detection.
  • To determine how AI-assisted diagnostic communication affects patient trust and understanding.
  • To explore demographic factors influencing patient acceptance of AI in dental diagnostics.

Main Methods:

  • Validated Likert-scale questionnaires assessed patient experiences, knowledge, and attitudes toward AI.
  • AI-based communication impact on trust, belief, and understanding was evaluated.
  • Statistical analyses included analyses of variance and ordinal logistic regression (OLR).

Main Results:

  • Patients perceived AI as useful (mean 4.2/5) and showed minimal fear of AI in dentistry (mean 1.6/5).
  • Age, education, and employment status correlated significantly with AI attitudes.
  • AI-generated overlays significantly improved caries lesion recognition compared to standard radiographs (p < 0.0005).
  • AI communication did not significantly alter patient trust in dentists' diagnoses (p = 0.44).

Conclusions:

  • Patients exhibit a positive disposition towards AI applications in dentistry.
  • AI-supported diagnostics can enhance communication of radiographic findings.
  • AI tools may improve patients' ability to identify caries lesions on dental radiographs.