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Staphylococcus schweitzeri-An Emerging One Health Pathogen?

Chantal Akoua-Koffi1,2, Adèle Kacou N'Douba3,4, Joseph Allico Djaman5

  • 1Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bouaké, Bouaké P.O. Box BP 1174, Côte d'Ivoire.

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Staphylococcus schweitzeri, found in African wildlife, may pose a zoonotic risk due to potential virulence similar to Staphylococcus aureus. Further research is needed to assess its threat to human and animal health.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Zoonotic Diseases
  • One Health

Background:

  • The Staphylococcus aureus-related complex includes S. aureus, S. schweitzeri, S. argenteus, S. roterodami, and S. singaporensis.
  • S. schweitzeri is primarily found in African wildlife and rarely detected in humans, potentially due to misidentification with S. aureus in routine diagnostics.
  • Its animal adaptation characteristics suggest limited human pathogenicity, yet in vitro studies indicate virulence comparable to S. aureus.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current scientific understanding of Staphylococcus schweitzeri.
  • To identify knowledge gaps regarding its potential impact on human and animal health.
  • To evaluate Staphylococcus schweitzeri within the global One Health framework.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing research on Staphylococcus schweitzeri.
  • Analysis of in vitro assay data concerning virulence factors.
  • Assessment of antimicrobial susceptibility and resistance gene data.

Main Results:

  • S. schweitzeri is predominantly found in African wildlife and is likely under-reported in humans.
  • In vitro studies suggest S. schweitzeri may possess virulence comparable to S. aureus.
  • All tested S. schweitzeri isolates were susceptible to antibiotics, with no reported resistance genes like mecA/mecC.

Conclusions:

  • Contact with S. schweitzeri-colonized animals may pose a zoonotic infection risk.
  • Significant knowledge gaps exist regarding S. schweitzeri's threat to human and animal health.
  • Further research is crucial to assess S. schweitzeri's global One Health implications.