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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 26, 2025

The Other End of the Leash: An Experimental Test to Analyze How Owners Interact with Their Pet Dogs
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Beyond Parenting Socialization Years: The Relationship between Parenting Dimensions and Grandparenting Functioning.

Sofia Gimenez-Serrano1, Marta Alcaide2, Maria Reyes1

  • 1Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
|April 23, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Parental warmth in childhood positively impacts grandparenting functioning and relationships with adult children and grandchildren. Parental strictness showed no benefits and negatively affected grandparenting.

Keywords:
grandchildrengrandparentingolder adultsparentingsatisfaction with life

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Family Studies

Background:

  • Parental socialization's long-term effects, especially on later-life roles like grandparenting, are understudied.
  • Understanding how early parenting influences grandparenting functioning is crucial for well-being in later life.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the long-term impact of parental warmth and strictness on grandparenting functioning.
  • To investigate the relationship between early parenting and satisfaction, meaning, relationships, and role overload in grandparents.

Main Methods:

  • Survey of 313 Spanish grandparents.
  • Correlation and multiple linear regression analyses were employed.
  • Variables included parenting (warmth, strictness) and grandparenting functioning indicators.

Main Results:

  • Parental warmth demonstrated a significant positive association with overall grandparenting functioning.
  • Parental strictness was not beneficial and showed a negative relationship with a key indicator of grandparenting functioning.
  • Positive parenting in earlier life predicted better intergenerational relationships.

Conclusions:

  • High parental warmth during socialization years benefits individuals as grandparents.
  • Parental strictness does not enhance grandparenting and may be detrimental.
  • Positive early parenting fosters better relationships across multiple generations.