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Related Concept Videos

Bar Graph01:07

Bar Graph

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A bar graph is also called a bar chart and consists of bars that are separated from each other. It either uses horizontal or vertical bars to show comparisons among categories. The bars can be rectangles, or they can be rectangular boxes (used in three-dimensional plots). One axis of the graph represents the specific categories being compared, and the other axis shows a discrete value. In this graph, the length of the bar for each category is proportional to the number or percent of individuals...
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Multiple Bar Graph01:07

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As the name suggests, a multiple bar graph is the same as a bar graph but has multiple bars to depict relationships between different data values. One can include as many parameters as possible. However, each parameter must have the same unit of measurement.
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Probability Histograms01:17

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A probability histogram is a visual representation of a probability distribution. Similar a typical histogram, the probability histogram consists of contiguous (adjoining) boxes. It has both a horizontal axis and a vertical axis. The horizontal axis is labeled with what the data represents. The vertical axis is labeled with probability. Each rectangular bar in the histogram is 1 unit wide, which suggests that the area under each bar equals the probability, P(x), where x is 1, 2, 3, and so on.
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Pareto Chart00:52

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A Pareto chart is a bar graph or a combination of both line and bar graphs. The bar lengths represent the individual values or the frequency, while the lines represent the cumulative total values. In this chart, the longest bars are arranged on the left and the shortest bars on the right, which makes it easier to read and interpret the data. It can also be called a Pareto diagram or Pareto analysis.
The Pareto chart is named after the Italian economist Vilfredo Pareto, who described the Pareto...
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Pie Chart01:04

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A pie chart (or a pie graph) is a circular graphical chart or a pictorial representation of categorical data. It is divided into slices of pie each indicating numerical proportions. It is also used to show the relative sizes of data in a single chart.
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Histogram01:05

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The histogram is a graphical representation in the x-y form of data distribution in a data set. The horizontal x-axis is labeled with what the data represents (for instance, distance from your home to school). The vertical y-axis is labeled either frequency or relative frequency (or percent frequency or probability).
A histogram graph consists of contiguous (adjoining) boxes. The heights of the bars correspond to frequency values. The graph will have the same shape with respective labels. The...
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Differences in Data Trustworthiness and Risk Perception between Bar Graphs and Pictograms.

Munehito Machida1, Michio Murakami2,3, Aya Goto1

  • 1Center for Integrated Science and Humanities, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan.

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Pictograms enhance understanding and trust in health data, especially for men and those with lower health literacy. Visual presentation significantly impacts risk perception and preference for health information.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Health Communication
  • Data Visualization
  • Risk Perception

Background:

  • Effective health communication requires clear data presentation.
  • Understanding how visual formats influence audience perception is crucial for public health messaging.

Observation:

  • Students viewed lifetime breast cancer incidence using pictograms and bar graphs.
  • Participants rated risk perception, data truthfulness, and comparative risk.
  • Preference leaned towards pictograms for clarity and trust.

Findings:

  • Pictograms increased perceived data truthfulness, particularly for men and individuals with lower health literacy.
  • Women demonstrated more accurate comparative risk perception with pictograms.
  • No order effect was observed for graph presentation; understanding was equally split, but preference favored pictograms.

Implications:

  • Visual health communication strategies should be tailored to audience characteristics and information goals.
  • Pictorial representations may improve comprehension and trust in health statistics.
  • Further research into optimal data visualization for diverse populations is warranted.