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A Fabrication of Multichannel Graphite Electrode Using Low-Cost Stencil-Printing Technique
Supatinee Kongkaew1,2,3, Suowarot Tubtimtong3, Panote Thavarungkul1,2,4
1Center of Excellence for Trace Analysis and Biosensors (TAB-CoE), Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand.
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|April 23, 2022
Summary
New multichannel graphite electrodes (MGrEs) offer reliable, simultaneous detection of analytes. These electrodes demonstrate excellent precision and sensitivity, suitable for analyzing samples like milk and tap water.
Area of Science:
- Electrochemistry
- Materials Science
- Analytical Chemistry
Background:
- Developing cost-effective and efficient electrochemical sensors is crucial for various analytical applications.
- Multichannel electrode designs can enhance sample throughput and analytical precision.
- Graphite-based materials offer a versatile platform for electrochemical sensor fabrication.
Purpose of the Study:
- To design and fabricate novel multichannel graphite electrodes (MGrEs).
- To evaluate the electrochemical performance, precision, and reproducibility of the fabricated MGrEs.
- To assess the potential application of MGrEs in real-world sample analysis.
Main Methods:
- Fabrication of MGrEs using a template-guided screen-printing technique with graphite ink on a polypropylene substrate.
- Characterization of electrode morphology and thickness using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM).
- Electrochemical performance evaluation using Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) with a redox probe and analysis of nitrite in milk and tap water samples.
Main Results:
- Successfully fabricated MGrEs with a consistent ink thickness of 21.9 ± 1.8 µm on the four working electrodes (WEs).
- Achieved high intra-electrode repeatability and inter-electrode reproducibility with relative standard deviation (RSD) below 6%.
- Demonstrated comparable sensitivity to single WE designs and successful analysis of nitrite in milk and tap water samples with high recovery rates (97.6 ± 0.4% to 110 ± 2%).
Conclusions:
- The developed MGrEs are reliable and suitable for simultaneous, replicate analysis of analytes.
- MGrEs offer a promising platform for sensitive and precise electrochemical sensing.
- The MGrEs show potential for practical applications in food safety and environmental monitoring.
