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Ocular surface toll like receptors in ageing.

Antonio Di Zazzo1, Maria De Piano2, Marco Coassin1

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|April 23, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Toll Like Receptors (TLRs) expression changes with age on the ocular surface, with increased TLR2 and decreased TLR7/TLR8 observed in older adults. These findings suggest a role for TLRs in age-related ocular surface changes and inflammaging.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Ophthalmology
  • Aging Research

Background:

  • Toll Like Receptors (TLRs) play a crucial role in innate immunity.
  • Age-related changes in the ocular surface immune system are not fully understood.
  • Investigating TLRs expression in healthy volunteers across different age groups is important for understanding ocular surface homeostasis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate age-related changes in Toll Like Receptors (TLRs) expression on the ocular surface.
  • To assess the correlation between TLRs expression and clinical parameters of ocular surface function.
  • To explore the potential role of TLRs in inflammaging of the ocular surface.

Main Methods:

  • Pilot observational study of 51 healthy volunteers.
  • Assessment of ocular surface function using OSDI questionnaire, Schirmer test I, and Tear Break-Up Time (T-BUT).
  • Molecular and immunohistochemical analysis of temporal conjunctival imprints for TLRs (TLR2, 4, 3, 5, 7, 8, 9) and MyD88 expression.

Main Results:

  • Increased TLR2 and decreased TLR7 and TLR8 immunoreactivity in older individuals.
  • Up-regulation of TLR2 and down-regulation of TLR7, TLR8, and MyD88 transcripts with age.
  • Positive correlation between age, ICAM-1, and TLR2 expression; age-related decline in OSDI, T-BUT, and goblet cell count.

Conclusions:

  • Age-related alterations in TLRs expression are evident on the ocular surface.
  • TLRs likely play a physiological role in modulating ocular surface immunity and homeostasis.
  • Age-associated changes in TLRs may contribute to inflammaging and altered ocular surface mechanisms.