Carbon Dots-Regulated Pomegranate-Like Metal Oxide Composites: From Growth Mechanism to Lithium Storage

Carbon dots (CDs) are considered as excellent structural regulator for metal oxides (MOs) due to their abundant functional groups, superior dispersibility, and ultrasmall size (<10 nm). Herein, a new approach is proposed to construct porous pomegranate-like MOs/CDs composite based on the CDs-induced in situ growth mechanism of ion adsorption-multipoint surface nucleation-crosslinking agglomeration. The proposed methodology is successfully applied to prepare SnO₂ /CDs, Cu₂ O/CDs, and Fe₂ O₃ /CDs composites, respectively, demonstrating its universality to metal oxides. Taking SnO₂ /CDs composite as a case study for anode material in lithium-ion batteries, it exhibits high lithium storage capacity, excellent cycling stability, and a special feature of capacity increase upon cycling. This study provides a new idea for the design of metal oxides materials tuned by CDs and broadens the application of CDs in the field of material synthesis.