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COVID-19 and the brain.

Karan S Hingorani1, Shivkumar Bhadola1, Anna M Cervantes-Arslanian2

  • 1Departments of Neurology (Infectious Disease), Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center.

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This summary is machine-generated.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a systemic illness affecting the central nervous system through various mechanisms. This review focuses on COVID-19

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Systemic Illness

Background:

  • Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a systemic illness with significant central nervous system (CNS) involvement.
  • Neurologic manifestations occur across acute, subacute, and chronic (post-acute sequelae of COVID-19, PASC) phases of infection.
  • Over 20,000 articles address COVID-19 and the brain, necessitating a focused review.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of common neurologic manifestations associated with COVID-19.
  • To specifically focus on cerebrovascular complications of COVID-19.
  • To discuss the proposed pathophysiology underlying these neurologic effects.

Main Methods:

  • This is a review article, synthesizing existing literature.
  • Focuses on published research regarding COVID-19 and its neurological impact.
  • Emphasis on cerebrovascular complications and underlying mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • COVID-19 infection frequently involves the central nervous system.
  • Multiple pathophysiological mechanisms contribute to neurologic manifestations, including hypoxia, hypercoagulability, endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, and direct viral neurotropism.
  • Cerebrovascular complications are a significant concern in COVID-19 patients.

Conclusions:

  • COVID-19's impact on the nervous system is multifaceted and occurs throughout all disease stages.
  • Understanding the pathophysiology, particularly cerebrovascular complications, is crucial for managing patients.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the long-term neurological consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection.