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Algicidal interaction between Paenibacillus polymyxa MEZ6 and microalgae.

Na Zhao¹, Li Yi², Sanguo Ren¹

¹School of Life Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China.

Journal of Applied Microbiology

|April 24, 2022

Summary

A newly isolated bacterium, Paenibacillus polymyxa MEZ6, effectively lyses various eukaryotic algae. This discovery offers new avenues for algae biotechnology and harmful algal bloom control.

Keywords:

Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Paenibacillus polymyxa algicidal bacteria bacteria-algae interaction proteomics

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Area of Science:

Microbiology
Biotechnology
Environmental Science

Background:

Harmful algal blooms (HABs) pose significant environmental and economic challenges.
Algicidal bacteria offer a promising biological control strategy for HABs.
Bacterial lysis of algae can also facilitate the extraction of valuable algal bioproducts.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the algae-lysing activity of a newly isolated bacterium, Paenibacillus polymyxa strain MEZ6.
To elucidate the potential mechanisms behind its algicidal properties.
To explore its applications in algae biotechnology.

Main Methods:

Isolation and identification of algicidal bacteria from soil samples.
Co-inoculation tests to assess algicidal efficacy against various eukaryotic algae.
16S rRNA gene sequencing and whole-genome comparisons for bacterial identification.
Genomic and comparative proteomic analyses to identify algicidal mechanisms.

Main Results:

Paenibacillus polymyxa MEZ6 demonstrated rapid lysis of multiple eukaryotic algal species (e.g., Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Chlorella ellipsoidea).
Algicidal activity was observed in both live cells and cell-free supernatant, indicating cell-cell contact is not essential.
The strain showed lower activity against cyanobacteria compared to eukaryotic algae.
Proteomic analysis revealed proteins involved in polysaccharide degradation and secondary metabolite biosynthesis.

Conclusions:

Paenibacillus polymyxa MEZ6 is a novel gram-positive bacterium with potent algicidal activity against diverse algal species.
This finding expands the known capabilities of Paenibacillus polymyxa.
The study provides insights into potential applications for algae biotechnology and HAB management.