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Updated: Aug 30, 2026

Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale
Published on: August 25, 2014
Advances in neonatal and infant behavioral assessment: toward a comprehensive evaluation of early patterns of
Insights
Current infant behavioral assessments lack predictive validity. New experimental techniques show promise for better developmental prediction and clinical application in high-risk newborns.
Area of Science:
- Neonatal development
- Developmental psychology
- Clinical neurology
Background:
- Infant behavioral assessments are crucial for developmental diagnostics and prognostics, especially for high-risk infants.
- Existing methods often fail to predict developmental outcomes accurately.
- This limitation may stem from insufficient data on higher central nervous system (CNS) functioning or the dynamic nature of infant CNS organization.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the behavioral capacities of newborn infants.
- To critically evaluate current neurological and behavioral assessment methods for infants.
- To explore novel experimental techniques for improved developmental prediction.
Main Methods:
- Discussion of major functional characteristics of neonates.
- Critical review of commonly used neurological and behavioral assessment tools.
- Exploration of experimental techniques for developmental prediction.
Main Results:
- Neonates exhibit a wide range of behavioral capacities.
- Current assessment methods have limitations in predicting developmental outcomes.
- Emerging experimental techniques offer potential for enhanced predictive validity.
Conclusions:
- There is a significant need for more predictive infant assessment tools.
- Novel experimental methods show promise for clinical application in evaluating infant development.
- Further research into advanced techniques is warranted for better developmental diagnostics and prognostics.
Abstract:
Recognizing the impressive range of behavioral capacities of newborn infants, clinicians and researchers have long searched for valid assessment instruments to help evaluate infant behavior. Behavioral assessments with high predictive validity would aid the goals of developmental diagnostic, prognostic, and treatment programs for infants born at risk from biological or environmental circumstances. The failure of current assessments to predict developmental outcome based on infant behavior may be due to the limited information about higher central nervous system (CNS) functioning obtained from available measures, or to the very dynamic nature of CNS organization in young infants. We begin our review by discussing some major functional characteristics of neonates and then proceed to describe critically the commonly used methods of neurological and behavioral assessment. Noting the need for measures that are more predictive, we turn next to a discussion of a number of experimental techniques that seem to hold great promise for developmental prediction and clinical application.
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