Fahr's Disease With Late Onset: A Case Report

Area of Science:

• Neurology
• Genetics
• Radiology

Background:

• Fahr's disease is a rare, autosomal dominant neurological disorder.
• It is characterized by idiopathic calcification primarily in the basal ganglia and cerebral cortex.
• Symptoms can include motor deficits, cognitive decline, and seizures.

Observation:

• A 77-year-old male presented with confusion, altered mental status, dystonia, tremor, and hallucinations.
• Computed tomography (CT) scan revealed calcifications in the dentate nuclei, basal ganglia, and subcortical frontal and occipital lobes.
• The patient's daughter noted speech changes and confusion.

Findings:

• The patient was diagnosed with late-onset Fahr's disease.
• The findings confirm the association between basal ganglia calcification and neurological symptoms.
• This case underscores the heterogeneity of Fahr's disease presentation.

Implications:

• Fahr's disease should be considered in geriatric patients presenting with cognitive impairment and movement disorders.
• Early diagnosis and management can potentially improve patient outcomes.
• Further research into the genetic and pathogenic mechanisms of Fahr's disease is warranted.