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Inhaled medications are crucial for managing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma. They are essential for effective treatment and control, ensuring optimal respiratory health and well-being. Inhaled medication delivers drugs directly to the lungs, providing a rapid onset of action and reducing systemic side effects compared to oral or injectable medications. Three primary types of inhalation devices are used to administer these medications: nebulizers, metered-dose inhalers...
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The one-compartment model is a pharmacokinetic tool that models the body as a single, uniform compartment, facilitating the understanding of drug distribution and elimination. This model is particularly beneficial for intravenous (IV) bolus administration, where the drug rapidly circulates throughout the body.
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Continuous flow process for preparing budesonide.

Manjinder Singh Phull1,2, Surender Singh Jadav3,4, Chander Singh Bohara2

  • 1Department of Chemistry, School of Science, GITAM (Deemed to Be University), Hyderabad, Telangana 502329 India.

Journal of Flow Chemistry
|April 25, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new continuous flow process offers a cost-effective method for synthesizing budesonide, an anti-asthmatic drug. This research optimizes parameters for budesonide epimer ratios and particle size, enabling industrial scale-up.

Keywords:
BudesonideEpimersFlow reactorGlucocorticosteroidIsomeric ratio

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Area of Science:

  • Chemical Engineering
  • Organic Synthesis
  • Pharmaceutical Manufacturing

Background:

  • Budesonide is a widely used anti-asthmatic glucocorticosteroid that became generic in 2019.
  • Current budesonide synthesis involves corrosive acids and costly purification, hindering cost-effectiveness.
  • There is a need for improved, scalable budesonide preparation methods.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a cost-effective continuous flow process for budesonide synthesis.
  • To optimize flow reactor parameters for controlling budesonide epimer ratios.
  • To achieve desired budesonide solid product characteristics through particle size optimization.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated flow reactor parameters: flow rate, temperature, residence time, solution volumes, anti-solvents, and reactor frequency.
  • Systematically studied the impact of these parameters on the molar ratio of budesonide epimers.
  • Conducted particle size optimization studies for the final budesonide solid product.

Main Results:

  • Identified optimal flow reactor parameters for achieving a desired molar ratio of budesonide epimers.
  • Successfully optimized particle size for the budesonide solid product.
  • Demonstrated a continuous flow process suitable for industrial scale-up.

Conclusions:

  • A novel, cost-effective continuous flow process for budesonide synthesis has been established.
  • The process allows for control over budesonide epimer ratios and particle size.
  • This method is readily transferable to industrial-scale production of budesonide.