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Updated: Sep 25, 2025

Experimental Protocol for Manipulating Plant-induced Soil Heterogeneity
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Feedbacks in ecology and evolution.

Juli G Pausas1, William J Bond2

  • 1Centro de Investigaciones sobre Desertificación (CIDE-CSIC), Valencia, Spain.

Trends in Ecology & Evolution
|April 25, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Organisms actively shape their environments, creating feedback loops crucial for persistence and evolution. This organism-environment interaction, seen across scales, redefines ecological concepts like niche and adaptation.

Keywords:
Gaiaalternative biome statesniche constructionorganism–environment feedbacks

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology and evolutionary biology
  • Environmental science

Background:

  • Traditional ecological and evolutionary focus is on how organisms adapt to environments.
  • Limited attention has been paid to how organisms actively modify their environments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the significance of organism-environment feedback processes in ecological and evolutionary contexts.
  • To re-evaluate traditional concepts such as niche and adaptation in light of these feedbacks.

Main Methods:

  • Review of evidence from different scales: niche construction (population), alternative biome states (community), and Gaia hypothesis (planetary).
  • Conceptual analysis integrating these lines of evidence.

Main Results:

  • Organism-environment feedbacks are evident across population, community, and planetary scales.
  • These feedbacks are key factors in organism persistence and evolution.

Conclusions:

  • Organism-environment feedbacks necessitate a rethinking of fundamental ecological concepts like niche and adaptation.
  • Integrating these feedbacks into ecological thinking is crucial, particularly in the context of rapid global environmental change.