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Identifying Feigned ADHD in College Students: Comparing the Multidimensional ADHD Rating Scale to Established

Heather E Potts1, Lawrence J Lewandowski2, Benjamin J Lovett3

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|April 25, 2022
PubMed
Summary

The MARS Symptom Validity Index 4 effectively detects feigned Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in adults. This new tool shows better sensitivity than existing methods for identifying malingered ADHD symptoms.

Keywords:
ADHDassessmentdiagnostic validitymalingering

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Area of Science:

  • Neuropsychology
  • Psychometrics

Background:

  • Malingering in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) evaluations is a growing concern due to potential incentives like accommodations and medications.
  • Existing validity tests are insufficient for detecting feigned ADHD, necessitating the development of reliable assessment tools.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of the MARS Symptom Validity Index 4 (MARS SV-index 4) in detecting malingered ADHD.
  • To compare the performance of MARS SV-index 4 against two established validity tests: the Word Memory Test (WMT) and the Clinical Assessment of Attention Deficit-Adult (CAT-A) Infrequency scale.

Main Methods:

  • Sixty-eight young adults participated, with 34 diagnosed with ADHD.
  • Participants completed the MARS, CAT-A, and WMT validity measures to assess their performance on simulated malingering tasks.

Main Results:

  • The MARS SV-index 4 achieved a sensitivity of 61.8% with a specificity of 88.2% for detecting simulated malingering.
  • In comparison, the WMT and CAT-A exhibited lower sensitivity rates (below 42%) while maintaining high specificity (above 90%).

Conclusions:

  • The MARS demonstrates a strong capability in identifying feigned ADHD presentations.
  • The MARS SV-index 4 is a promising and potentially valuable tool for adult ADHD assessments, particularly in differentiating genuine symptoms from malingering.