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Microbial adherence to vulvar epithelial cells.

D J Bibel, R Aly, L Lahti

    Journal of Medical Microbiology
    |February 1, 1987
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Microbial adherence to vulvar epithelial cells, specifically Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans, varies by cell type and physiological conditions. Understanding this adherence is key to vulvar ecology and infectious disease.

    Area of Science:

    • Microbiology
    • Gynecology
    • Dermatology

    Background:

    • The interaction between microorganisms and host epithelial cells is crucial for understanding microbial colonization and pathogenesis.
    • Vulvar epithelium presents a unique environment for microbial interactions, influenced by factors like pH and the menstrual cycle.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To compare the adherence of Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans to various human epithelial cells, including those from the labium majus, labium minus, and vagina.
    • To investigate the influence of pH and the menstrual cycle on microbial adherence to vaginal cells.
    • To assess the efficacy of autogenous ribitol teichoic acid in blocking S. aureus attachment.

    Main Methods:

    • Novel analysis of adherence density was employed to quantify microbial attachment.

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  • Experiments were conducted under uniform conditions to ensure comparability.
  • Specific interventions included altering pH to 3.5 and considering different phases of the menstrual cycle.

    • Main Results:

    • The labium majus epithelial cells exhibited the highest microbial adherence scores for both S. aureus and C. albicans.
    • S. aureus adherence was also high on keratinized nasal epithelial cells.
    • Increased acidity (pH 3.5) enhanced adherence to vaginal cells, with peak adherence observed during the third and fourth weeks of the menstrual cycle.
    • Autogenous ribitol teichoic acid significantly blocked S. aureus attachment to labium majus, labium minus, and vaginal cells.

    Conclusions:

    • Microbial adherence to vulvar epithelium is selective and influenced by cell characteristics, pH, and the menstrual cycle.
    • Adherence plays a significant role in vulvar ecology.
    • These findings suggest adherence patterns may be determinants of infectious disease in the vulvar region.