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Related Concept Videos

Random Sampling Method01:09

Random Sampling Method

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Sampling is a technique to select a portion (or subset) of the larger population and study that portion (the sample) to gain information about the population. Data are the result of sampling from a population. The sampling method ensures that samples are drawn without bias and accurately represent the population. Because measuring the entire population in a study is not practical, researchers use samples to represent the population of interest. Among the various sampling methods used by...
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Sample Proportion and Population Proportion01:20

Sample Proportion and Population Proportion

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Collecting samples or responses from an entire population takes significant time and effort, so a researcher collects responses from only a sample of that population. Suppose a study needs to collect information about a specific mobile application. After sample collection, the researcher analyzes the data and discovers that most individuals in the sample use that specific mobile application. The sample proportion measures the number of individuals in a sample who either use or don't use the...
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Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms-SNPs01:05

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms-SNPs

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A single nucleotide polymorphism or SNP is a single nucleotide variation at a specific genomic position in a large population. It is the most prevalent type of sequence variation found in the human genome. Point mutations that occur in more than 1% of the population qualify as SNPs. These are present once every 1000 nucleotides on an average in the human genome. Replacement of a purine with another purine (A/G) or a pyrimidine with another pyrimidine (C/T) is known as a transition. In contrast,...
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Cluster Sampling Method01:20

Cluster Sampling Method

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Appropriate sampling methods ensure that samples are drawn without bias and accurately represent the population. Because measuring the entire population in a study is not practical, researchers use samples to represent the population of interest.
To choose a cluster sample, divide the population into clusters (groups) and then randomly select some of the clusters. All the members from these clusters are in the cluster sample. For example, if you randomly sample four departments from your...
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Systematic Sampling Method01:17

Systematic Sampling Method

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Sampling is a technique to select a portion (or subset) of the larger population and study that portion (the sample) to gain information about the population. Data are the result of sampling from a population. The sampling method ensures that samples are drawn without bias and accurately represent the population. Because measuring the entire population in a study is not practical, researchers use samples to represent the population of interest.
Systematic sampling is one of the simplest methods...
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Convenience Sampling Method00:55

Convenience Sampling Method

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Sampling is a technique to select a portion (or subset) of the larger population and study that portion (the sample) to gain information about the population. Data are the result of sampling from a population. The sampling method ensures that samples are drawn without bias and accurately represent the population.
Convenience sampling is a non-random method of sample selection; this method selects individuals that are easily accessible and may result in biased data. For example, a marketing...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 25, 2025

Swabbing the Urban Environment - A Pipeline for Sampling and Detection of SARS-CoV-2 From Environmental Reservoirs
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Defining the peak: Point prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 using randomised sampling.

Andre L Wattiaux1, Fiona May1, Terresa Allen1

  • 1Gold Coast Public Health Unit, Gold Coast Health, Queensland Health, Australia.

Communicable Diseases Intelligence (2018)
|April 26, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A Gold Coast COVID-19 surveillance program estimated high initial prevalence of the Omicron variant at 17.2% after border reopening. The program successfully tracked the decline in Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) prevalence to 1.1%.

Keywords:
SARS-CoV-2prevalencerandomised survey

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Virology

Background:

  • Queensland experienced a significant increase in Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases following eased border restrictions in December 2021.
  • The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant became the predominant strain, leading to challenges in community testing accessibility due to rapid case escalation.
  • Accurate community prevalence data is crucial for effective public health responses to highly transmissible diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To estimate the point prevalence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in the Gold Coast community.
  • To monitor the trend of COVID-19 prevalence following a surge in cases.
  • To assess the utility of a modified randomized household cluster survey for infectious disease surveillance.

Main Methods:

  • A modified randomized household cluster survey was implemented on the Gold Coast.
  • Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing on self-collected swabs was used to detect SARS-CoV-2.
  • Surveillance was conducted over five weeks, with three visits to households to estimate point prevalence.

Main Results:

  • The estimated point prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 by PCR was 17.2% on January 22, 2022.
  • Prevalence decreased significantly to 5.2% by February 5, 2022, and further to 1.1% by February 19, 2022.
  • Of 1,379 specimens tested, 63 were positive for SARS-CoV-2, and all sequenced variants (35) were Omicron (B.1.1.529).

Conclusions:

  • The implemented surveillance program effectively estimated and tracked COVID-19 prevalence in the Gold Coast community.
  • The findings highlight the rapid rise and subsequent fall of the Omicron variant wave.
  • The methodology is scalable and reproducible for surveillance in other jurisdictions.