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Updated: Sep 25, 2025
04:48
Chemotherapy-induced Vascular Toxicity - Real-time In vivo Imaging of Vessel Impairment
Published on: January 7, 2015
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CHEMOTHERAPY HAZARDS: ANTHRACYCLINE EXTRAVASATION INTO PLEURAL SPACE
Alexandre Almendra1, Pedro Falcão1, Susana Moreira1
1Chest Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte - Hospital Pulido Valente, Portugal.
Portuguese Journal of Cardiac Thoracic and Vascular Surgery
|April 26, 2022
Summary
Doxorubicin extravasation into the pleural space caused effusion in a breast cancer patient. Dexrazoxone administration helped resolve the condition, suggesting its use for anthracycline-induced pleural injury.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Cardiology
- Pulmonology
Background:
- Doxorubicin, an anthracycline chemotherapy agent, can cause severe tissue damage upon extravasation.
- Intrapleural extravasation is a rare but serious complication, potentially leading to significant morbidity.
Observation:
- A 64-year-old breast cancer patient developed cough, dyspnea, and chest pain after doxorubicin/cyclophosphamide chemotherapy via a central catheter.
- Imaging revealed pleural effusion secondary to cytostatic leakage into the pleural space.
Findings:
- Pleural drainage and administration of dexrazoxone led to the resolution of the patient's symptoms and pleural effusion.
- Dexrazoxone, a cardioprotective agent, demonstrated efficacy in mitigating tissue damage from intrapleural anthracycline extravasation.
Implications:
- This case suggests dexrazoxone should be considered for managing intrapleural anthracycline extravasation.
- Early intervention with dexrazoxone may prevent long-term sequelae associated with pleural anthracycline exposure.
- Highlights the importance of recognizing and managing rare chemotherapy extravasation events.
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