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Updated: Sep 25, 2025

Author Spotlight: Accelerating Diagnostic Accuracy with Direct Identification of Gram-Negatives from Blood Culture Bottles
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COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED THORACIC EMPYEMA - DOES MICROBIOLOGICAL IDENTIFICATION MATTER?

David Silva1, Ana Rita Costa2, João Santos Silva2

  • 1Pulmonology Department, Hospital de Santa Marta, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Central, Portugal.

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|April 26, 2022
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Summary

Identifying the cause of community-acquired thoracic empyema in hospitalized patients was linked to longer hospital stays. Microbiological identification showed a trend towards more advanced infections but did not significantly impact mortality.

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Community-acquired thoracic empyema is a serious infection requiring hospitalization.
  • Understanding causative agents and their impact on clinical outcomes is crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To detail clinical features, comorbidities, and outcomes of hospitalized patients with community-acquired thoracic empyema.
  • To assess the influence of identifying the causative microbiological agent on patient outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of clinical files for adult patients diagnosed with community-acquired thoracic empyema.
  • Data collected from 2012 to 2016, including patient demographics, comorbidities, and microbiological findings.

Main Results:

  • Eighty-one patients (64 men, 17 women, mean age 54.6 years) were included.
  • Microbiological agents were identified in 59.3% of patients.
  • Median hospital stay was 29 days, with a trend towards longer stays (32 vs. 23 days) when agents were identified (p=0.056).
  • No significant difference in mortality was observed based on microbiological identification.

Conclusions:

  • Positive pleural fluid cultures in thoracic empyema patients may indicate more advanced infections.
  • Identifying the causative agent is associated with a tendency for longer hospitalizations.