Related Experiment Video
Updated: Sep 25, 2025
13:38
Synthesis and Characterization of an Aspirin-fumarate Prodrug that Inhibits NFκB Activity and Breast Cancer Stem Cells
Published on: January 18, 2017
12.4K
Aspirin Use to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease and Colorectal Cancer: Updated Modeling Study for the US Preventive
Steven P Dehmer1, Lauren R O'Keefe1, Corinne V Evans2
1HealthPartners Institute, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
JAMA
|April 26, 2022
Summary
Low-dose aspirin use for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) offers benefits, particularly for younger individuals with higher CVD risk. However, benefits diminish with age, and risks of bleeding must be considered.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Disease Prevention
- Gastrointestinal Health
- Preventive Medicine
Background:
- The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) is updating guidelines on aspirin for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and colorectal cancer (CRC).
- Previous recommendations from 2016 require updated evidence on the net balance of benefits and harms.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide updated model-based estimates of the net benefits and harms of low-dose aspirin for primary prevention.
- To inform updated USPSTF recommendations.
Main Methods:
- Microsimulation modeling was used to estimate long-term benefits and harms.
- Hypothetical US cohorts of men and women aged 40-79 years with varying 10-year CVD risk were analyzed.
- Low-dose aspirin (≤100 mg/d) use was modeled for lifetime, with various stopping ages.
Main Results:
- Lifetime net quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) were positive for individuals starting aspirin at younger ages (40-59) with at least 5% 10-year CVD risk, and for those aged 60-69 with at least 10% risk.
- Lifetime net life-years showed similar positive trends for younger individuals and higher CVD risk.
- Benefits diminished and became negative for most individuals starting aspirin at ages 60-79, and QALYs were negative for those aged 70-79.
- Stopping aspirin between ages 65-85 showed little advantage over lifetime use.
- Sensitivity analyses indicated that benefits could be higher if aspirin reduced CRC or CVD mortality, and lower if it increased bleeding or reduced quality of life.
Conclusions:
- Aspirin for primary CVD prevention may benefit specific populations, particularly younger individuals with higher baseline CVD risk.
- The decision to initiate aspirin should carefully weigh potential benefits against the risk of bleeding, especially in older adults.
- These findings support nuanced recommendations based on age and individual CVD risk profiles.
Related Concept Videos
02:59Cancer Prevention
6.3K
Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
Some...
Some...
6.3K
01:26Coronary Artery Disease IV: Preventive Measures
48
Effective preventive measures for coronary artery disease (CAD) focus on controlling modifiable risk factors, including cholesterol abnormalities and lifestyle changes.Cholesterol ManagementFirst, the Mediterranean diet and the American Heart Association advocate for maintaining low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels below 100 mg/dL, with a more stringent recommendation of below 70 mg/dL for individuals at high risk. LDL cholesterol, often termed "bad cholesterol," can lead to the...
48
01:20Antiplatelet Drugs: Prostaglandin Synthesis, P2Y12 and Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Inhibitors
660
Antiplatelet drugs emerge as frontline defenders against the insidious threat of thromboembolic diseases, where abnormal clots obstruct vital blood vessels. These drugs stand as bulwarks, inhibiting platelet aggregation and clot formation, thereby mitigating the risk of life-threatening conditions like myocardial infarction, coronary artery disease, and thrombotic strokes.
Prostaglandin synthesis inhibitors, exemplified by the widely known aspirin, wield their power by irreversibly acetylating...
Prostaglandin synthesis inhibitors, exemplified by the widely known aspirin, wield their power by irreversibly acetylating...
660
01:26Atherosclerosis III: Management
51
Management of atherosclerosis involves an integrated strategy encompassing pharmacological treatment, surgical interventions, lifestyle changes, and nutrition therapy to address the multifactorial nature of the disease.Pharmacological TherapyA cornerstone of atherosclerosis management is the use of pharmacological agents. Statins, such as atorvastatin, are pivotal in inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme that catalyzes an initial step in cholesterol synthesis in the liver. This reduction in...
51
01:27Coronary Artery Disease V: Interprofessional Care
42
Interprofessional care for coronary artery disease includes pharmacological therapy and revascularization procedures.Pharmacological therapy for Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) aims to manage symptoms, prevent complications, and improve patient outcomes through various classes of medications:Antiplatelet Agents:Aspirin and Clopidogrel: These medications inhibit platelet aggregation, preventing blood clots, which is crucial for avoiding heart attacks and strokes. Doctors often prescribe these...
42
01:27Peripheral Artery Disease III: Interprofessional Care
42
Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) is characterized by narrowed arteries that diminish blood flow to the extremities. Effective management of PAD requires an interprofessional approach involving various healthcare professionals. The critical aspects of interprofessional care for PAD patients focus on risk factor modification, drug therapy, exercise therapy, nutrition therapy, critical limb ischemia care, and interventional radiology and surgical procedures.The primary treatment goal for PAD...
42