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Updated: Sep 25, 2025

High-resolution Fiber-optic Microendoscopy for in situ Cellular Imaging
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Near perfect focusing through multimode fibres.

André D Gomes, Sergey Turtaev, Yang Du

    Optics Express
    |April 27, 2022
    PubMed
    Summary

    Researchers developed holographic multimode fiber (MMF) endoscopes for high-quality in-vivo imaging. They achieved sharp, diffraction-limited foci with over 96% optical power, a new record, enhancing imaging performance.

    Area of Science:

    • Biomedical Optics
    • Microscopy
    • Fiber Optics

    Background:

    • Multimode fiber (MMF) endoscopes offer potential for in-vivo imaging in challenging anatomical locations.
    • Achieving high-quality, sharp foci is critical for the performance of holographic MMF endoscopy.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To present a novel holographic approach for generating high-purity, diffraction-limited foci using MMF endoscopes.
    • To quantitatively analyze factors influencing focus quality in holographic MMF endoscopy.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized a digital micro-mirror device (DMD) to holographically synthesize light fields.
    • Propagated synthesized light fields through MMF to form foci at the distal end.
    • Investigated effects of input polarization, diffraction orders, modulation, calibration bias, and noise.

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    Main Results:

    • Demonstrated diffraction-limited foci containing over 96% of delivered optical power.
    • This represents the highest reported optical power efficiency for such foci.
    • Quantified the impact of experimental parameters on focus quality.

    Conclusions:

    • The presented holographic method significantly enhances focus quality in MMF endoscopy.
    • Optimized experimental conditions are crucial for maximizing imaging performance.
    • This work advances the capabilities of MMF-based endoscopic imaging systems.