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    A new deep-learning-enabled direct detection (DLEDD) scheme significantly reduces the required carrier-to-signal power ratio (CSPR) for optical transceivers. This innovation lowers costs for data center interconnects by enabling high performance at a low CSPR of 2 dB.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optical Communications
    • Signal Processing
    • Machine Learning

    Background:

    • Data center interconnects demand cost-effective photonic integrated optical transceivers for increasing capacity.
    • Complex-valued double-sideband (CV-DSB) direct detection (DD) systems offer a lower-cost alternative to coherent systems by using a single un-cooled laser.
    • Carrier-assisted DD systems require a high carrier-to-signal power ratio (CSPR), impacting system performance.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose and experimentally validate a deep-learning-enabled direct detection (DLEDD) scheme.
    • To achieve accurate optical field recovery at a significantly reduced CSPR.
    • To enhance the performance and cost-effectiveness of optical transceivers for data center interconnects.

    Main Methods:

    • Implementation of a dispersion-diversity receiver with an electrical bandwidth of approximately 61.0% of the baud rate.
    • Development of a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) for signal recovery, specifically addressing signal-signal beat interference.
    • Experimental demonstration using a 28-GBaud 16-ary quadrature amplitude modulation (16-QAM) signal transmitted over 80-km single-mode fiber.

    Main Results:

    • Successful recovery of the full optical field at a low experimental CSPR of 2 dB, a reduction of approximately 8 dB compared to conventional methods.
    • Simulated signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) improvement of approximately 5.8 dB due to the reduced optimum CSPR.
    • Demonstrated high tolerance to laser wavelength drift.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed DLEDD scheme enables high-performance optical signal recovery at a significantly lower CSPR.
    • This approach offers a substantial improvement in SNR and system performance.
    • The DLEDD scheme presents a viable, cost-effective solution for data center interconnects, metro networks, and mobile fronthaul systems.