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In-band pumped Tm,Ho:LiYF4 waveguide laser.

Pavel Loiko, Esrom Kifle, Gurvan Brasse

    Optics Express
    |April 27, 2022
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study demonstrates a high-power thulium, holmium-doped lithium yttrium fluoride waveguide laser. It achieved 540 mW output power at 2051 nm with low propagation loss.

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    Area of Science:

    • Materials Science
    • Laser Physics
    • Photonics

    Background:

    • Thulium (Tm3+) and holmium (Ho3+) co-doped waveguides are crucial for mid-infrared laser applications.
    • Achieving high output power and efficiency in Tm,Ho:LiYF4 waveguide lasers remains a challenge.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and characterize a Tm,Ho:LiYF4 planar waveguide laser.
    • To investigate in-band pumping efficiency and output performance.
    • To establish a new benchmark for output power in Tm,Ho waveguide lasers.

    Main Methods:

    • Fabrication of a 4.5 at.% Tm, 0.5 at.% Ho:LiYF4 planar waveguide (25 μm thickness) using Liquid Phase Epitaxy.
    • In-band pumping of the waveguide using a Raman fiber laser at 1679 nm (Tm3+ 3H6 → 3F4 transition).
    • Characterization of continuous-wave (CW) laser output, including power, slope efficiency, threshold, polarization, and propagation loss.

    Main Results:

    • A maximum CW output power of 540 mW was achieved at 2051 nm.
    • A high slope efficiency of 32.6% and a low laser threshold of 337 mW were recorded.
    • Linear laser polarization (π) was observed, with waveguide propagation losses as low as 0.19 dB/cm.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed Tm,Ho:LiYF4 waveguide laser represents a significant advancement, delivering the highest output power to date for such devices.
    • The low propagation losses and efficient in-band pumping demonstrate the potential of this material system for high-performance mid-infrared lasers.
    • Absence of parasitic thulium (Tm3+) lasing indicates optimized doping and operational conditions.