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Microwave-photonics iterative nonlinear gain model for optoelectronic oscillators.

Ye Xiao, Yitang Dai, Nuannuan Shi

    Optics Express
    |April 27, 2022
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    Summary

    The study reveals how the nonlinear dynamics of optoelectronic oscillators (OEOs) depend on the slope of their input-output amplitude mapping. Decreasing slopes lead to significant nonlinear behavior and potential instability in OEO systems.

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    Area of Science:

    • Photonics
    • Nonlinear Dynamics
    • Microwave Engineering

    Background:

    • Optoelectronic oscillators (OEOs) are crucial for various applications.
    • Understanding their nonlinear dynamic behavior is essential for performance optimization.
    • Existing models may not fully capture the complex dynamics under different operating conditions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the nonlinear dynamic behavior of OEOs.
    • To develop a model that accurately predicts OEO dynamics.
    • To explore the impact of system parameters on OEO stability and behavior.

    Main Methods:

    • Development of the Microwave-photonics Iterative Nonlinear Gain (MING) model.
    • Connecting oscillating processes to iterated map trajectories.
    • Analysis of the open-loop input to output amplitude mapping relation (IOAM).
    • Simulations and experimental validation of OEO loop behavior.

    Main Results:

    • OEO envelope dynamics are determined by the slope of the IOAM at a fixed point.
    • Linear features dominate with large slopes; nonlinear features emerge as slopes decrease.
    • Loss of homogeneity and monotonicity observed with decreasing slopes.
    • OEO instability occurs when the IOAM slope is less than -1.
    • Bifurcation phenomena were observed and evidenced in externally injected OEOs.

    Conclusions:

    • The MING model accurately describes OEO nonlinear dynamics.
    • The IOAM slope is a critical parameter controlling OEO behavior, from linear to nonlinear regimes.
    • The model provides insights into OEO stability and phenomena like bifurcation, applicable to externally modulated systems.