Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Cluster Sampling Method

Cluster Sampling Method

Appropriate sampling methods ensure that samples are drawn without bias and accurately represent the population. Because measuring the entire population in a study is not practical, researchers use samples to represent the population of interest.
To choose a cluster sample, divide the population into clusters (groups) and then randomly select some of the clusters. All the members from these clusters are in the cluster sample. For example, if you randomly sample four departments from your...

Transmission Line Design Considerations

Transmission Line Design Considerations

Aluminum has become the material of choice for overhead transmission lines, surpassing copper due to its abundance and cost-effectiveness. The most prevalent type is the aluminum conductor, steel-reinforced (ACSR), which combines aluminum strands around a steel core. Other variants include all-aluminum conductors (AAC), all-aluminum alloy conductors (AAAC), aluminum conductor alloy-reinforced (ACAR), and aluminum-clad steel conductors. Advanced designs, such as aluminum conductors with steel...

Mesh Analysis for AC Circuits

Mesh Analysis for AC Circuits

In the domain of radio communication, the significance of impedance matching must be considered. It is crucial to ensure the efficient transmission of signals between radio transmitters and receivers. Achieving this balance involves using impedance-matching circuits, with one fundamental configuration comprising a resistor, capacitor, and inductor.
The process of harmonizing these impedances begins with a clear understanding of the input and output signals. Once these signals are known, the...

Carrier Generation and Recombination

Carrier Generation and Recombination

Carrier generation is the process by which electron-hole pairs (EHPs) are created within the semiconductor. In direct-bandgap semiconductors, such as gallium arsenide (GaAs), this occurs efficiently when energy absorption prompts valence electrons to leap into the conduction band, leaving behind holes.
This process is given by the generation rate G and is efficient due to the conservation of momentum between the valence band maximum and conduction band minimum.
Indirect generation involves an...

Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation

Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation

Because the DNA segments are cut and reorganized in a direction-specific manner, site-specific recombination has emerged as an efficient genetic engineering technique. Flippase and Cyclization recombinases or Flp and Cre, respectively, are two members of the tyrosine recombinase family derived from bacteriophages, that are used to mediate site-specific DNA insertions, deletions, and targeted expression of proteins in mammalian cell lines.
The recognition sites for Cre recombinase called LoxP...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

[Scapular belt for the treatment of comminuted fractures of scapula].

Zhongguo gu shang = China journal of orthopaedics and traumatology·2010

Same author

Manipulation of ordered nanostructures of protonated polyoxometalate through covalently bonded modification.

Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2010

Same author

Developments in nonsteroidal antiandrogens targeting the androgen receptor.

ChemMedChem·2010

Same author

Dynamic presentation of immobilized ligands regulated through biomolecular recognition.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2010

Same author

[Research on crop-weed discrimination using a field imaging spectrometer].

Guang pu xue yu guang pu fen xi = Guang pu·2010

Same author

A palladium/copper bimetallic catalytic system: dramatic improvement for Suzuki-Miyaura-type direct C-H arylation of azoles with arylboronic acids.

Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2010

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 25, 2025

Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping

Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping

Published on: March 20, 2017

High-security multi-level constellation shaping trellis-coded modulation method based on clustering mapping rules.

Jinnan Zhang, Bo Liu, Jianxin Ren

|April 27, 2022

Summary

This study introduces a secure trellis-coded modulation (TCM) method for passive optical networks (PON), enhancing data transmission security and capacity using 3D constellation shaping and chaotic encryption.

More Related Videos

Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator

Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator

Published on: January 28, 2019

Microfluidic Platform with Multiplexed Electronic Detection for Spatial Tracking of Particles

Microfluidic Platform with Multiplexed Electronic Detection for Spatial Tracking of Particles

Published on: March 13, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 25, 2025

Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping

Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping

Published on: March 20, 2017

Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator

Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator

Published on: January 28, 2019

Microfluidic Platform with Multiplexed Electronic Detection for Spatial Tracking of Particles

Microfluidic Platform with Multiplexed Electronic Detection for Spatial Tracking of Particles

Published on: March 13, 2017

Area of Science:

Optical Communications
Digital Signal Processing
Network Security

Background:

Passive Optical Networks (PON) require enhanced security and higher data rates.
Carrier-less Amplitude and Phase Modulation (CAP) is utilized in PON systems.
Trellis-Coded Modulation (TCM) offers coding gain but can be enhanced with constellation shaping.

Purpose of the Study:

To propose a high-security, multi-level constellation shaping TCM method for 3D-CAP in PON.
To improve both coding gain and constellation shaping gain simultaneously.
To enhance physical layer security against malicious attacks.

Main Methods:

A novel TCM method combining constellation shaping with clustering mapping rules.
Multi-level mapping of coded signals based on classification labels.
Chaotic encryption of 3D constellations using Chua's chaotic model.

Main Results:

Achieved 70 Gb/s transmission over a 2 km weakly coupled seven-core fiber.
Demonstrated a receiver sensitivity improvement of approximately 6.98 dB compared to 2D shaping.
Showcased reliable security performance and improved transmission capacity.

Conclusions:

The proposed method offers a robust solution for secure and high-capacity optical access networks.
The combination of TCM, constellation shaping, and chaotic encryption enhances system performance and security.
The scheme shows significant potential for future short-reach communication research.