Related Experiment Video
Updated: Sep 25, 2025

Evaluation of Host-Pathogen Responses and Vaccine Efficacy in Mice
Published on: February 22, 2019
Vaccines for Covid-19: An insight on their effectiveness and adverse effects
Naila Qamar1, Gul Rukh2, Sadiq N Khan1
1Department of Medical Lab Technology, The University of Haripur, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
Abstract:
An era of SARS-COVID-19 outbreak with a high contagious percentage around the globe has been the subject of multi-agency research aimed at generating vaccines for active immunization. Scientists across the world are joining hands for advanced tie-ups between medical start-ups and pharmaceutical industries for devices and vaccines development to hinder the progress of this outbreak. Moreover, the questions that need to be answered are how to improve the effectiveness and efficacy of vaccines with reduced side effects and the required doses of vaccines for enhanced surveillance. In this review article, we have discussed the effectiveness and efficacy of different Covid-19 vaccines.
Related Concept Videos
Vaccinations
Pharmacovigilance
This process, termed pharmacovigilance, aims to detect, evaluate, and minimize harmful effects related to medication use. The data collection for pharmacovigilance depends on spontaneous reporting systems, where healthcare professionals or patients voluntarily report suspected ADRs.
In some cases, there...
Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics
Cross-reactivity
Local Anesthetics: Adverse Effects
Once absorbed into the systemic circulation, local anesthetics can affect the organs that depend on the functioning of sodium...
Antimicrobial Effectiveness

