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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 25, 2025

Comparing Eye-tracking Data of Children with High-functioning ASD, Comorbid ADHD, and of a Control Watching Social Videos

Comparing Eye-tracking Data of Children with High-functioning ASD, Comorbid ADHD, and of a Control Watching Social Videos

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Strategic decision making and prediction differences in autism.

Vasileios Mantas¹, Artemios Pehlivanidis¹, Katerina Papanikolaou²

¹1st Department of Psychiatry, Eginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.

|April 27, 2022

Summary

Autistic adults made fewer correct predictions in a strategic decision-making task. This suggests differences in predictive abilities may influence social interactions for individuals with autism.

Keywords:

Autism Desicion making Prediction Prisoner’s dilemma

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Psychology
Developmental Science

Background:

Autism theories suggest altered predictive abilities contribute to core characteristics.
This study examines prediction in strategic decision-making within the autism phenotype.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate differences in predictive abilities between autistic and neurotypical adults during strategic decision-making.
To explore the role of prediction in the context of the prisoner's dilemma task for autistic individuals.

Main Methods:

43 autistic adults and 42 neurotypical adults participated.
Participants engaged in a modified prisoner's dilemma task, predicting opponent moves.
Predictive performance and ability to predict were assessed.

Main Results:

Autistic participants made significantly fewer correct predictions.
Autistic individuals reported inability to predict more frequently.
When predictions were attempted, success rates were similar between groups.

Conclusions:

A notable difference in prediction performance exists between autistic and neurotypical individuals.
Findings suggest prediction plays a role in strategic decision-making for autistic individuals.
Further research is needed to distinguish between prediction difficulty and reluctance.