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Updated: Sep 25, 2025

Synthesis of Hydrogels with Antifouling Properties As Membranes for Water Purification
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High-Temperature-Resistant, Low-Concentration Water-Controlling Composite Cross-Linked Polyacrylamide Weak Gel System

Erdong Yao1,2, Guolin Yu1,2, Bojun Li1,2

  • 1Unconventional Natural Gas Institute, China University of Petroleum at Beijing, Beijing 102249, China.

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|April 27, 2022
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Summary

A novel composite cross-linking agent enhances polyacrylamide weak gels for improved oil recovery. This cost-effective system offers high temperature resistance and strength using low polymer concentrations in oilfield water.

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Area of Science:

  • Petroleum Engineering
  • Polymer Science
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Polyacrylamide (PAM) weak gels are effective for water control and enhanced oil recovery (EOR) by blocking high-permeability layers.
  • Current PAM applications face limitations due to poor thermal stability and high polymer requirements.
  • Developing robust, cost-effective gel systems is crucial for challenging oilfield conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and evaluate an inorganic-organic composite cross-linking agent for high-temperature-resistant PAM weak gels.
  • To optimize the composite cross-linker formulation for enhanced gel strength and stability in oilfield sewage.
  • To investigate the structural properties and performance of the novel weak gel system.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of a composite cross-linking agent using chromium(III) and phenolic resin.
  • Formulation optimization of the composite cross-linker with polyacrylamide (PAM) to achieve desired gel strength (MF-7).
  • Evaluation of gel properties including strength (H grade), temperature resistance (up to 100 °C), long-term stability (330 h at 95 °C), and structural analysis via SEM.

Main Results:

  • The optimized formula MF-7 achieved H-grade gel strength at a low PAM concentration of 0.3%.
  • The weak gel system demonstrated excellent temperature resistance up to 100 °C and remarkable stability without syneresis.
  • SEM analysis revealed a unique 3D network structure with PAM-based spherical nodes, enhancing mechanical properties and thermal stability.

Conclusions:

  • The composite cross-linking agent significantly improves the mechanical properties and thermal stability of PAM weak gels.
  • The developed weak gel system is economical, tolerant, and suitable for EOR applications using oilfield sewage.
  • Higher molecular weight PAM further enhances the gel strength, offering tunable performance for specific field requirements.