A review on selenium-enriched proteins: preparation, purification, identification, bioavailability, bioactivities and...

Area of Science:

• Biochemistry
• Nutritional Science
• Biotechnology

Background:

• Selenium (Se) deficiency is linked to various health issues.
• Inorganic Se supplements face challenges with toxicity and low bioavailability.
• Se-enriched proteins present a promising alternative with enhanced bio-accessibility and activity.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide a comprehensive review of Se-enriched proteins.
• To cover their preparation, purification, identification, bioavailability, bioactivities, and applications.
• To highlight their advantages over traditional inorganic selenium sources.

Main Methods:

• Review of existing literature on Se-enriched proteins.
• Extraction methods discussed include solvent extraction (water, salt, ethanol, alkali) and novel techniques (ultrasound-assisted, pulsed electric field).
• Analysis of bioavailability and bioactivities through various studies.

Main Results:

• Se-enriched proteins are prepared and purified using diverse extraction techniques.
• These proteins and their hydrolysates demonstrate significant bioactivities, including antioxidant, immune-regulatory, and neuroprotective effects.
• They also show potential in inhibiting hyperglycemia.

Conclusions:

• Se-enriched proteins are a viable and effective source for addressing Se deficiency.
• Future research should utilize multi-omics to explore Se-enriched protein metabolism.
• Further investigation into structure-activity relationships and in vivo validation is crucial for understanding their health benefits.