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Anti-inflammatory and immune therapy in severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients: An update

Wen Zhang1, Chenman Qin2, Yunyun Fei1

  • 1Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Beijing 100730, China.

Clinical Immunology (Orlando, Fla.)
|April 27, 2022
PubMed

Insights

This review examines anti-inflammatory and immune therapies for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), summarizing clinical trial evidence on drugs like glucocorticoids and IL-6 antagonists to guide COVID-19 treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Pharmacology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) emerged globally in early 2020.
  • Initial management strategies for COVID-19 included exploring anti-inflammatory therapies.
  • Limited evidence necessitated further investigation into drug efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and synthesize the progress of anti-inflammatory and immune therapies for COVID-19.
  • To evaluate the evidence supporting various anti-inflammatory drug classes in COVID-19 treatment.
  • To provide an updated perspective on therapeutic options based on recent clinical data.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of clinical trials and real-world studies published over the past year.
  • Analysis of data on the efficacy and safety of specific anti-inflammatory agents.
  • Categorization of therapies including glucocorticoids, IL-6 antagonists, IL-1 inhibitors, kinase inhibitors, NSAIDs, and chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine.

Main Results:

  • Glucocorticoids and IL-6 antagonists have shown confirmed efficacy in specific COVID-19 patient populations.
  • Evidence for other agents like IL-1 inhibitors, kinase inhibitors, NSAIDs, and chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine remains varied or inconclusive.
  • The role of certain anti-inflammatory drugs has been clarified through extensive research.

Conclusions:

  • Anti-inflammatory and immune therapies play a crucial role in managing moderate to severe COVID-19.
  • Glucocorticoids and IL-6 antagonists are established treatments, while others require further validation.
  • Ongoing research continues to refine the use of immunomodulatory agents in COVID-19 treatment.

Keywords:
Anti-inflammation treatmentCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)Cytokine stormImmune therapy

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