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Neuroimmune cardiovascular interfaces control atherosclerosis.

Sarajo K Mohanta1,2, Li Peng3, Yuanfang Li4

  • 1Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), Munich, Germany. Sarajo.Mohanta@med.uni-muenchen.de.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The peripheral nervous system forms neuroimmune cardiovascular interfaces (NICIs) in diseased arteries, creating an artery-brain circuit (ABC) that influences atherosclerosis. Targeting this ABC can reduce disease progression and improve plaque stability.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Biology
  • Neuroimmunology
  • Vascular Biology

Background:

  • Atherosclerosis involves arterial plaques but lacks clear neuronal control understanding.
  • Immune responses in the adventitia suggest potential neural interactions with diseased arteries.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the interaction between the peripheral nervous system and atherosclerosis.
  • To identify and characterize neuroimmune cardiovascular interfaces (NICIs) in diseased arteries.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of mouse and human atherosclerotic artery segments for NICIs.
  • Tracing of the artery-brain circuit (ABC) using neuroanatomical and functional assays.
  • Assessment of atherosclerosis progression and plaque stability following interventions like coeliac ganglionectomy.

Main Results:

  • Widespread NICIs with expanded axon networks were found in atherosclerotic adventitia.
  • A structural ABC involving afferent and efferent neurons connecting arteries to the central nervous system was established.
  • Activation of ABC components correlated with disease progression; ganglionectomy reduced disease and stabilized plaques.

Conclusions:

  • The peripheral nervous system forms NICIs, creating an ABC that modulates atherosclerosis.
  • Therapeutic targeting of the ABC shows potential for attenuating atherosclerosis and enhancing plaque stability.