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Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 25, 2025

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Decrease of tear break-up time at Japanese eye clinics during five consecutive years.

Masahiko Ayaki1,2, Kazuno Negishi3

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan. mayaki@olive.ocn.ne.jp.

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|April 28, 2022
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ocular surface examination revealed a concerning five-year trend of decreasing tear break-up time (BUT) in dry eye patients. This decline, more pronounced in women, correlated with increased symptoms like blurred vision and photophobia.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Ocular Surface Disease
  • Dry Eye Disease Research

Background:

  • Dry eye disease (DED) is a prevalent condition affecting millions globally.
  • Understanding long-term trends in DED patient data is crucial for identifying disease progression and risk factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the 5-year trend (2015-2019) of ocular surface examination findings in patients with dry eye symptoms.
  • To investigate the correlation between tear break-up time (BUT) and reported dry eye symptoms over this period.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective chart review of 1468 patients visiting an eye clinic from 2015 to 2019.
  • Evaluation of corneal and lacrimal examinations, refraction, intra-ocular pressure, and six dry eye-related symptoms.
  • Statistical analysis of tear break-up time (BUT) trends and correlation with symptoms.

Main Results:

  • Tear break-up time (BUT) showed a statistically significant continuous decrease from 2015 to 2019 (p < 0.001).
  • The decline in BUT was more pronounced in women than in men (p < 0.001).
  • Prevalence of blurring, photophobia, and pain increased, correlating significantly with decreased BUT (p < 0.001).

Conclusions:

  • A significant five-year downward trend in tear break-up time (BUT) was observed in the studied dry eye patient cohort.
  • Decreased BUT is associated with increased reporting of key dry eye symptoms, highlighting a worsening ocular surface condition.
  • The findings underscore the progressive nature of dry eye disease and its impact on patient-reported symptoms.