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Enhanced PEMFC durability with graphitized carbon black cathode catalyst supports under accelerated stress testing.

Qiong Xue1, Jian-Biao Huang1, Dai-Jun Yang1

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Catalysis

Background:

  • Durable carbon substrates are essential for commercializing fuel cell vehicles.
  • Cathode catalyst support degradation impacts polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) performance and lifespan.
  • Understanding anti-corrosion mechanisms is key to improving catalyst durability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the anti-corrosion properties of graphitized carbon black as a catalyst support in PEMFCs.
  • To evaluate the durability of platinum (Pt) catalysts supported on graphitized carbon under accelerated stress conditions.
  • To determine the effect of graphitization temperature on the performance and stability of the catalyst support.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of graphitized carbon black supports treated at various temperatures.
  • Preparation of platinum (Pt) catalysts using graphitized carbon supports.
  • Accelerated stress testing of catalysts in PEMFCs, including simulated start-stop cycling and high potential holding.
  • Analysis of catalyst durability through potential decay measurements and Pt particle size analysis.

Main Results:

  • Graphitized carbon treated at 1800 °C exhibited superior antioxidation properties.
  • The potential decay ratio at 1000 mA cm⁻² was reduced from 34.9% (commercial Pt/C) to 0.5% during high potential holding tests.
  • Pt particle growth was significantly inhibited, decreasing from 0.95 nm (commercial Pt/C) to 0.08 nm, effectively alleviating particle coalescence.

Conclusions:

  • Graphitized carbon black, particularly when treated at 1800 °C, serves as a highly durable support for Pt catalysts in PEMFCs.
  • The enhanced graphitization improves resistance to oxidation and prevents Pt particle coarsening, leading to significantly improved fuel cell durability.
  • These findings offer a promising strategy for enhancing the commercial viability of fuel cell vehicles through improved catalyst longevity.