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Explosive vapour/particles detection using SERS substrates and a hand-held Raman detector.

Vered Heleg-Shabtai1, Amalia Zaltsman1, Mali Sharon1

  • 1Department of Physical Chemistry, Israel Institute for Biological Research P.O. Box 19 Ness-Ziona 74100 Israel veredhs@iibr.gov.il alexanderp@iibr.gov.il +972 89381743 +972 89381457.

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This study optimized surface-enhanced Raman spectrometry (SERS) for field detection of explosive vapors and particles. Gold nanoparticle-based SERS methods achieved sensitive trace analysis of explosives like PETN and TNT.

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Spectroscopy
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Trace analysis of explosives is critical for security.
  • Surface-enhanced Raman spectrometry (SERS) offers high sensitivity for molecular detection.
  • Field-deployable methods are needed for rapid explosive identification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and optimize SERS methods for field-based trace analysis of explosive vapors and particles.
  • To evaluate the performance of gold nanoparticle-based SERS substrates for explosive detection.
  • To assess the applicability of hand-held Raman spectrometers for on-site explosive identification.

Main Methods:

  • Development of SERS methods using colloidal gold nanoparticles in suspension.
  • Modification of gold nanoparticles onto quartz fibers and polyurethane sponges for vapor/particle sampling.
  • Utilized hand-held Raman spectrometers for field analysis.
  • Determined limits of detection (LODs) for various explosive compounds.

Main Results:

  • Achieved low LODs for explosives in solution, including pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) and 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT).
  • Demonstrated SERS detection of explosive vapors (2,4-dinitrotoluene, 1,3-dinitrobenzene) using Au-modified quartz fibers.
  • Successfully detected surface-adsorbed 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) using modified quartz fibers.

Conclusions:

  • Optimized SERS methods provide sensitive and field-deployable capabilities for explosive trace analysis.
  • Gold nanoparticle-modified substrates (quartz fibers, sponges) are effective for detecting explosive vapors and particles.
  • Hand-held Raman spectrometry combined with SERS is a viable technique for on-site explosive detection.